Leg-spinner Anil Kumble ran through Australia's middle and lower order in Madras as India stole the initiative on day one of the second Test.
The visitors lost their last eight wickets for 46 runs to be dismissed for 235, with Kumble returning 7-48.
But it was Harbhajan Singh who sparked the home revival with the wickets of Justin Langer (71) and Matthew Hayden (58) in one over after lunch.
Their 136-run stand beat a 40-year mark for Australia's first wicket in India.
The visitors lost their last eight wickets for 46 runs to be dismissed for 235, with Kumble returning 7-48.
But it was Harbhajan Singh who sparked the home revival with the wickets of Justin Langer (71) and Matthew Hayden (58) in one over after lunch.
Their 136-run stand beat a 40-year mark for Australia's first wicket in India.